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Formic acid dehydrogenation reaction on high-performance PdAu alloy nanoparticles prepared by the eco-friendly

《能源前沿（英文）》   页码 751-762 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0895-3

摘要： Dehydrogenation of formic acid (FA) is considered to be an effective solution for efficient storage and transport of hydrogen. For decades, highly effective catalysts for this purpose have been widely investigated, but numerous challenges remain. Herein, the PdxAu1−x (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1) alloys over the whole composition range were successfully prepared and used to catalyze FA hydrogen production efficiently near room temperature. Small PdAu nanoparticles (5–10 nm) were well-dispersed and supported on the activated carbon to form PdAu solid solution alloys via the eco-friendly slow synthesis methodology. The physicochemical properties of the PdAu alloys were comprehensively studied by utilizing various measurement methods, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption–desorption, high angle annular dark field-scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM), X-ray photoelectrons spectroscopy (XPS). Notably, owing to the strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) and electron transfer between active metal Au and Pd, the Pd0.5Au0.5 obtained exhibits a turnover frequency (TOF) value of up to 1648 h−1 (313 K, nPd+Au/nFA = 0.01, nHCOOH/nHCOONa = 1:3) with a high activity, selectivity, and reusability in the FA dehydrogenation.

关键词： FA dehydrogenation     face-centred cubic structures     PdAu solid solution alloy nanoparticles     slow synthesis methodology     SMSI effect    

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Yue’s solution of classical elasticity in

Zhong-qi Quentin YUE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 215-249 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0298-6

摘要： This paper presents the exact and complete fundamental singular solutions for the boundary value problem of a -layered elastic solid of either transverse isotropy or isotropy subject to body force vector at the interior of the solid. The layer number is an arbitrary nonnegative integer. The mathematical theory of linear elasticity is one of the most classical field theories in mechanics and physics. It was developed and established by many well-known scientists and mathematicians over 200 years from 1638 to 1838. For more than 150 years from 1838 to present, one of the remaining key tasks in classical elasticity has been the mathematical derivation and formulation of exact solutions for various boundary value problems of interesting in science and engineering. However, exact solutions and/or fundamental singular solutions in closed form are still very limited in literature. The boundary-value problems of classical elasticity in -layered and graded solids are also one of the classical problems challenging many researchers. Since 1984, the author has analytically and rigorously examined the solutions of such classical problems using the classical mathematical tools such as Fourier integral transforms. In particular, he has derived the exact and complete fundamental singular solutions for elasticity of either isotropic or transversely isotropic layered solids subject to concentrated loadings. The solutions in -layered or graded solids can be calculated with any controlled accuracy in association with classical numerical integration techniques. Findings of this solution formulation are further used in the companion paper for mathematical verification of the solutions and further applications for exact and complete solutions of other problems in elasticity, elastodynamics, poroelasticty and thermoelasticity. The mathematical formulations and solutions have been named by other researchers as Yue’s approach, Yue’s treatment, Yue’s method and Yue’s solution.

关键词： elasticity     solution     layered solid     graded material    

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A perspective on the promoting effect of Ir and Au on Pd toward the ethanol oxidation reaction in alkaline media

S. Y. SHEN, Y. G. GUO, G. H. WEI, L. X. LUO, F. LI, J. L. ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 501-508 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0586-7

摘要： There remain great challenges in developing highly efficient electrocatalysts with both high activity and good stability for the ethanol oxidation reaction in alkaline media. Herein, two architectures of tri-metallic PdIrAu/C electrocatalysts are designed and the promoting effect of Au and Ir on Pd toward the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in alkaline media is investigated in detail. On the one hand, the tri-metallic Pd Au Ir/C electrocatalyst with a solid solution alloy architecture is less active relative to Pd Ir/C and Pd/C while the stabilizing effect of Au leads to both a higher activity and a lower degradation percentage after 3000 cycles of the accelerated degradation test (ADT) on Pd Au Ir/C than those on Pd Ir/C. On the other hand, the tri-metallic Pd Ir@(1/3Au)/C electrocatalyst with a near surface alloy architecture delivers a much higher activity with an improvement up to 50.4% compared to Pd Ir/C. It is speculated that for the tri-metallic Pd Ir@(1/3Au)/C electrocatalyst, certain Au atoms are well designed on surfaces to introduce an electronic modification, thus leading to an anti-poisoning effect and improving the EOR activity.

关键词： fuel cells     catalysts     ethanol oxidation     alkaline media     solid solution alloy     near surface alloy    

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Preparation of ceria-zirconia solid solution with enhanced oxygen storage capacity and redox performance

Lijing MENG, Licheng LIU, Xuehong ZI, Hongxing DAI, Hong HE, Zhen ZHAO, Xinping WANG,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 164-171 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0019-2

摘要： A new method called ultrasonic-assisted membrane reaction (UAMR) was reported for the fabrication of ceria-zirconia solid solution. A series of ceria-zirconia solid solutions with different Ce/Zr molar ratios were prepared by the UAMR method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N adsorption, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H-TPR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The UAMR method proved to be superior, especially when the Ce/Zr molar ratio was lower than 1, in fabricating ceria-zirconia solid solutions with large BET surface area, high oxygen storage capacity (OSC), and low reduction temperature.

关键词： membrane reaction     ceria-zirconia     Ce/Zr molar ratio     solid solution     hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR)    

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6016铝合金热处理工艺研究

张钧萍,金庆生,马鸣图

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第1期   页码 103-107

摘要：

通过硬度测试、力学性能测试和烘烤硬化性能测试，研究了6016 铝合金冷轧板材的热处理工艺，结果表明：合金的硬度随着固溶温度升高和固溶时间延长而增加；合金进行预时效处理时，随着预时效时间的增加硬度出现先降低后升高的现象，且预时效温度越高，硬度下降值越大；在本试验条件下，满足覆盖件性能要求的6016合金的热处理工艺为：540 ℃×20 min固溶水淬+120 ℃×10 min预时效处理。

关键词： 6016 合金     固溶处理     预时效处理     烘烤硬化    

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Chemisorption solid materials for hydrogen storage near ambient temperature: a review

Yiheng ZHANG, Shaofei WU, Liwei WANG, Xuefeng ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 72-101 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0835-7

摘要： Solid chemisorption technologies for hydrogen storage, especially high-efficiency hydrogen storage of fuel cells in near ambient temperature zone defined from −20 to 100°C, have a great application potential for realizing the global goal of carbon dioxide emission reduction and vision of carbon neutrality. However, there are several challenges to be solved at near ambient temperature, i.e., unclear hydrogen storage mechanism, low sorption capacity, poor sorption kinetics, and complicated synthetic procedures. In this review, the characteristics and modification methods of chemisorption hydrogen storage materials at near ambient temperature are discussed. The interaction between hydrogen and materials is analyzed, including the microscopic, thermodynamic, and mechanical properties. Based on the classification of hydrogen storage metals, the operation temperature zone and temperature shifting methods are discussed. A series of modification and reprocessing methods are summarized, including preparation, synthesis, simulation, and experimental analysis. Finally, perspectives on advanced solid chemisorption materials promising for efficient and scalable hydrogen storage systems are provided.

关键词： hydrogen storage capacity     chemisorption     near-ambient-temperature     modification methods     alloy hydrides    

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A fully solid-state cold thermal energy storage device for car seats using shape-memory alloys

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 504-515 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0855-3

摘要： Thermal energy storage has been a pivotal technology to fill the gap between energy demands and energy supplies. As a solid-solid phase change material, shape-memory alloys (SMAs) have the inherent advantages of leakage free, no encapsulation, negligible volume variation, as well as superior energy storage properties such as high thermal conductivity (compared with ice and paraffin) and volumetric energy density, making them excellent thermal energy storage materials. Considering these characteristics, the design of the shape-memory alloy based the cold thermal energy storage system for precooling car seat application is introduced in this paper based on the proposed shape-memory alloy-based cold thermal energy storage cycle. The simulation results show that the minimum temperature of the metal boss under the seat reaches 26.2 °C at 9.85 s, which is reduced by 9.8 °C, and the energy storage efficiency of the device is 66%. The influence of initial temperature, elastocaloric materials, and the shape-memory alloy geometry scheme on the performance of car seat cold thermal energy storage devices is also discussed. Since SMAs are both solid-state refrigerants and thermal energy storage materials, hopefully the proposed concept can promote the development of more promising shape-memory alloy-based cold and hot thermal energy storage devices.

关键词： shape-memory alloy (SMA)     elastocaloric effect (eCE)     cooled seat     cold thermal energy storage    

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ZnZr/HZSM-5 as efficient catalysts for alkylation of benzene with carbon dioxide

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 404-414 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2215-6

摘要： Alkylation of benzene with carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce toluene and xylene could increase the added-value of surplus benzene as well as relieve environmental problems like green-house effect. In this work, the alkylation benzene with carbon dioxide and hydrogen reaction was proceeded by using the mixture of zinc-zirconium oxide and HZSM-5 as bifunctional catalyst. The equivalent of Zn/Zr = 1 displays the best catalytic performance at 425 °C and 3.0 MPa, and benzene conversion reaches 42.9% with a selectivity of 90% towards toluene and xylene. Moreover, the carbon dioxide conversion achieves 23.3% and the carbon monoxide selectivity is lower than 35%, indicating that more than 50% carbon dioxide has been effectively incorporated into the target product, which is the best result as far as we know. Combined with characterizations, it indicated that the Zn and Zr formed a solid solution under specific conditions (Zn/Zr = 1). The as-formed solid solution not only possesses a high surface area but also provides a large amount of oxygen vacancies. Additionally, the bifunctional catalyst has excellent stabilities that could keep operating without deactivation for at least 80 h. This work provides promising industrial applications for the upgrading of aromatics.

关键词： carbon dioxide     alkylation of benzene     solid solution catalyst     bifunctional catalyst    

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Methane partial oxidation over NiO-MgO/Ce

Piyawat PUE-ON, Vissanu MEEYOO, Thirasak RIRKSOMBOOON

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 289-296 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1345-2

摘要： Methane partial oxidation (MPO) is considered as an alternative method to produce hydrogen because it is an exothermic reaction to afford a suitable H /CO ratio of 2. However, carbon deposition on a catalyst is observed as a major cause of catalyst deactivation in MPO. In order to find suitable catalysts that prevent the carbon deposition, NiO-MgO/Ce Zr O (CZO) supported catalysts were prepared via the co-impregnation (C) and sequential incipient wetness impregnation (S) methods. The amount of Ni loading was fixed at 15 wt-% whereas the amount of MgO loading was varied from 5 to 15 wt-%. The results revealed that the addition of MgO shifted the light-off temperatures to higher temperatures. This is because the Ni surface was partially covered with MgO, and the strong interaction between NiO and NiMgO over CZO support led to the difficulty in reducing NiO to active Ni and thus less catalytic activity. However, among the catalysts tested, the 15Ni5Mg/CZO (S) catalyst exhibited the best catalytic stability for MPO after 18 h on stream at 750°C. Moreover, this catalyst had a better resistance to carbon deposition due to its high metallic Ni dispersion at high temperature.

关键词： methane partial oxidation     NiO     ceria-zirconia     MgO     mixed oxide solid solution    

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A novel shape memory alloy actuated soft gripper imitated hand behavior

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0700-8

摘要： The limited length shrinkage of shape memory alloy (SMA) wire seriously limits the motion range of SMA-based gripper. In this paper, a new soft finger without silicone gel was designed based on pre bent SMA wire, and the finger was back to its original shape by heating SMA wire, rather than relying only on heat exchange with the environment. Through imitating palm movement, a structure with adjustable spacing between fingers was made using SMA spring and rigid spring. The hook structure design at the fingertip can form self-locking to further improve the load capacity of gripper. Through the long thin rod model, the relationship of the initial pre bent angle on the bending angle and output force of the finger was analyzed. The stress-strain model of SMA spring was established for the selection of rigid spring. Three grasping modes were proposed to adapt to the weight of the objects. Through the test of the gripper, it was proved that the gripper had large bending amplitude, bending force, and response rate. The design provides a new idea for the lightweight design and convenient design of soft gripper based on SMA.

关键词： shape memory alloy (SMA)     pre bent     wire     gripper     grasping mode     lightweight    

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A review of optimization modeling and solution methods in renewable energy systems

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 640-671 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0271-3

摘要： The advancement of renewable energy (RE) represents a pivotal strategy in mitigating climate change and advancing energy transition efforts. A current of research pertains to strategies for fostering RE growth. Among the frequently proposed approaches, employing optimization models to facilitate decision-making stands out prominently. Drawing from an extensive dataset comprising 32806 literature entries encompassing the optimization of renewable energy systems (RES) from 1990 to 2023 within the Web of Science database, this study reviews the decision-making optimization problems, models, and solution methods thereof throughout the renewable energy development and utilization chain (REDUC) process. This review also endeavors to structure and assess the contextual landscape of RES optimization modeling research. As evidenced by the literature review, optimization modeling effectively resolves decision-making predicaments spanning RE investment, construction, operation and maintenance, and scheduling. Predominantly, a hybrid model that combines prediction, optimization, simulation, and assessment methodologies emerges as the favored approach for optimizing RES-related decisions. The primary framework prevalent in extant research solutions entails the dissection and linearization of established models, in combination with hybrid analytical strategies and artificial intelligence algorithms. Noteworthy advancements within modeling encompass domains such as uncertainty, multienergy carrier considerations, and the refinement of spatiotemporal resolution. In the realm of algorithmic solutions for RES optimization models, a pronounced focus is anticipated on the convergence of analytical techniques with artificial intelligence-driven optimization. Furthermore, this study serves to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of research trajectories and existing gaps, expediting the identification of pertinent optimization models conducive to enhancing the efficiency of REDUC development endeavors.

关键词： renewable energy system     bibliometrics     mathematical programming     optimization models     solution methods    

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Numerical analysis of aluminum alloy reticulated shells with gusset joints under fire conditions

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 448-466 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0910-5

摘要： In this study, a numerical analysis was conducted on aluminum alloy reticulated shells (AARSs) with gusset joints under fire conditions. First, a thermal-structural coupled analysis model of AARSs considering joint semi-rigidity was proposed and validated against room-temperature and fire tests. The proposed model can also be adopted to analyze the fire response of other reticulated structures with semi-rigid joints. Second, a parametric analysis was conducted based on the numerical model to explore the buckling behavior of K6 AARS with gusset joints under fire conditions. The results indicated that the span, height-to-span ratio, height of the supporting structure, and fire power influence the reduction factor of the buckling capacity of AARSs under fire conditions. In contrast, the reduction factor is independent of the number of element divisions, number of rings, span-to-thickness ratio, and support condition. Subsequently, practical design formulae for predicting the reduction factor of the buckling capacity of K6 AARSs were derived based on numerical analysis results and machine learning techniques to provide a rapid evaluation method. Finally, further numerical analyses were conducted to propose practical design suggestions, including the conditions of ignoring the ultimate bearing capacity analysis of K6 AARS and ignoring the radiative heat flux.

关键词： aluminum alloy reticulated shell     gusset joint     numerical analysis     fire resistance    

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The smoothed finite element method (S-FEM): A framework for the design of numerical models for desired solutions

Gui-Rong Liu

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 456-477 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0519-5

摘要：

The smoothed finite element method (S-FEM) was originated by G R Liu by combining some meshfree techniques with the well-established standard finite element method (FEM). It has a family of models carefully designed with innovative types of smoothing domains. These models are found having a number of important and theoretically profound properties. This article first provides a concise and easy-to-follow presentation of key formulations used in the S-FEM. A number of important properties and unique features of S-FEM models are discussed in detail, including 1) theoretically proven softening effects; 2) upper-bound solutions; 3) accurate solutions and higher convergence rates; 4) insensitivity to mesh distortion; 5) Jacobian-free; 6) volumetric-locking-free; and most importantly 7) working well with triangular and tetrahedral meshes that can be automatically generated. The S-FEM is thus ideal for automation in computations and adaptive analyses, and hence has profound impact on AI-assisted modeling and simulation. Most importantly, one can now purposely design an S-FEM model to obtain solutions with special properties as wish, meaning that S-FEM offers a framework for design numerical models with desired properties. This novel concept of numerical model on-demand may drastically change the landscape of modeling and simulation. Future directions of research are also provided.

关键词： computational method     finite element method     smoothed finite element method     strain smoothing technique     smoothing domain     weakened weak form     solid mechanics     softening effect     upper bound solution    

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Shape optimization of aluminium alloy spherical reticulated shells considering nonlinearities

Wei LIU; Lishu XU; Shaojun ZHU; Lijuan LI; Feng LIU; Zhe XIONG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1565-1580 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0867-4

摘要： This study proposes a shape optimization method for K6 aluminum alloy spherical reticulated shells with gusset joints, considering geometric, material, and joint stiffness nonlinearities. The optimization procedure adopts a genetic algorithm in which the elastoplastic non-linear buckling load is selected as the objective function to be maximized. By confinement of the adjustment range of the controlling points, optimization results have enabled a path toward achieving a larger elastoplastic non-linear buckling load without changing the macroscopic shape of the structure. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. In addition, the variation in structural performance during optimization is illustrated. Through parametric analysis, practical design tables containing the parameters of the optimized shape are obtained for aluminum alloy spherical shells with common geometric parameters. To explore the effect of material nonlinearity, the optimal shapes obtained based on considering and not considering material non-linear objective functions, the elastoplastic and elastic non-linear buckling loads, are compared.

关键词： shape optimization     aluminum alloy     spherical reticulated shell     non-linear buckling     material nonlinearity     genetic algorithm    

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Numerical solution, simulation and testing of the thermal dynamic characteristics of ball-screws

XIA Junyong, HU Youmin, WU Bo, SHI Tielin

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第3卷 第1期   页码 28-36 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0007-4

摘要： This research focuses on the characteristics of how a ball-screw changes its temperature corresponding to the periodic change of the end-most heat source. Based on the theory of heat transfer, this paper supplies a numerical solution to the non-homogeneous equation of heat transfer through the group explicit (GE) finite difference approach. The temperature distribution for the ball-screw at different times and directions is shown. By simulating and modeling the temperature field and thermal deformation of the ball-screw under periodically varying heat sources, this paper describes the thermal dynamic characteristics of the ball-screw under such conditions. By testing the thermal dynamic characteristics of the ball-screw, the numerical solution is validated.

关键词： numerical solution     temperature corresponding     temperature distribution     end-most     ball-screw    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Formic acid dehydrogenation reaction on high-performance PdAu alloy nanoparticles prepared by the eco-friendly

期刊论文

Yue’s solution of classical elasticity in

Zhong-qi Quentin YUE

期刊论文

A perspective on the promoting effect of Ir and Au on Pd toward the ethanol oxidation reaction in alkaline media

S. Y. SHEN, Y. G. GUO, G. H. WEI, L. X. LUO, F. LI, J. L. ZHANG

期刊论文

Preparation of ceria-zirconia solid solution with enhanced oxygen storage capacity and redox performance

Lijing MENG, Licheng LIU, Xuehong ZI, Hongxing DAI, Hong HE, Zhen ZHAO, Xinping WANG,

期刊论文

6016铝合金热处理工艺研究

张钧萍,金庆生,马鸣图

期刊论文

Chemisorption solid materials for hydrogen storage near ambient temperature: a review

Yiheng ZHANG, Shaofei WU, Liwei WANG, Xuefeng ZHANG

期刊论文

A fully solid-state cold thermal energy storage device for car seats using shape-memory alloys

期刊论文

ZnZr/HZSM-5 as efficient catalysts for alkylation of benzene with carbon dioxide

期刊论文

Methane partial oxidation over NiO-MgO/Ce

Piyawat PUE-ON, Vissanu MEEYOO, Thirasak RIRKSOMBOOON

期刊论文

A novel shape memory alloy actuated soft gripper imitated hand behavior

期刊论文

A review of optimization modeling and solution methods in renewable energy systems

期刊论文

Numerical analysis of aluminum alloy reticulated shells with gusset joints under fire conditions

期刊论文

The smoothed finite element method (S-FEM): A framework for the design of numerical models for desired solutions

Gui-Rong Liu

期刊论文

Shape optimization of aluminium alloy spherical reticulated shells considering nonlinearities

Wei LIU; Lishu XU; Shaojun ZHU; Lijuan LI; Feng LIU; Zhe XIONG

期刊论文

Numerical solution, simulation and testing of the thermal dynamic characteristics of ball-screws

XIA Junyong, HU Youmin, WU Bo, SHI Tielin

期刊论文